Kussell phillips



l# @nimh wire ftrnt @ffice RUSSELL PHILLIPS, OF GABDINER, MAINE,ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND NATHAN WESTON.

Letters .Patent No. 67,671, dated August 13, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GARPENTERS PLANES.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL PHILLIPS, of Gardiner, in the county ofKennebec, and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful ImprovedJoiners Plough; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description thereof, which will enable others to make and usemy invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formi-ngpart of this specification, in which- Figure 1 shows a side elevation ofmy invention.

Figure 2, a portion ofthe top of the horizontal arm, having thegraduated scale.

Figure 3 is an end view of my invention, and a view of the top ofthe endand slides.

Figure 4, a view of a portion of the reverse side of Eg. 1.

Figure 5, an edge view of the iron or cutter.

Figure 6, a portion of the adjustable guide or gauge.

Same letters showlike parts.

My invention has relation to that tool employed by `certain mechanics,joiners, die., called a plough, and consists iu certain improvementsthereupon, which maybe separately or conjointly used.

I will now describe in detail the dilferent improvements combined in myinvention. a shows the groove in which the iron or cutter is placed. Itis there secured by means of the clamp b and slide e. Fig. 4 shows themanner in which the slide c is held in place, being by means of a slotand a lip, d, on the side opposite to the one shown in iig. 1. The lipcl overlaps the edge of the slot, shown in fig. 4. eis a smallprojection, to rest against the end of the cutter, so that its edgeshall not become dulled by striking or touching any part of the stock.The cutter is fully described hereafter. The cutter, being placed in thegroove a, is secured as follows: As illustrated in iig. 4, the slot inwhich the slide c moves is' curved, so that when the slide is presseddownward, or toward the bottom of the plough, the clamp 5 is pressedupon the cutter; and when the slide is moved up, the clamp is'releasedor loosened, and its pressure upon the cutter taken away. The clamp bswings on its pivotf. Place the cutter in the groove a, pressthe slidedownward, thus forcing the clamp b upon the cutter, and the cutter isheld in place. In this method there is this advantage: With the old formof fastening the cutter or iron, when the wedge that holds it is driveninward by the blow of the hammer or other implement the entrance of thewedge within vthe stock carries with it, somewhat, the cutter, so thatwhen the cutter has once been adjusted as the mechanic desires, it ismade to project further, by being carried inward with the wedge whichholds it. Besides this inconvenience, it is dificult to adjust readily.With my invention, the cutter is placed in the desired position, so asto cut into the lumber the desired deptlr,` and can then be immediatelyfastened by pressing the slide c downward. Moreover, as the 'clamp bdoes not slide at all, but simply pushes against the cutter, the cutteris not moved in the lea-st from the desired position, but remains asplaced by the user. g, fig. 5, shows the iron or cutter; this has acutting edge at both ends. These two can be made of different sizes andwidths, as seen in the drawing, so as to cut grooves or channels ofdifferent widths and sizes. It has a groove, L, to fitover the edge z',to aid in holding it securely. The end of the cutter not employed passesinto the recess behind the projection e, and thus its edge is kept frominjury till wanted. 7' is a thumbpiece, for convenience in placing thecutter in its place, and to strike upon with a hammer to move the cutterup or down slightly when it is held by the clamp b. k lc are the cuttingedges of the iron. Z Z Z Z show points projecting beyond the edges lc k,which enable the iron to do its work not only with but also across thegrain of the wood. These points are sharp, and cut the fibres of theWood before they are reached by the edges 7c, and thus prevent tearingor breaking out of the work.y A shows the single horizontal arm employedin my invention, and upon which the guide or gauge B slides. Upon itstop is achannel, with the graduated scale, so that the distance that thegauge is set from the cutter g can be accurately adjusted. Upon thisthere is no screw: thread, as upon the old form of plough, and, asbefore remarked, I use-but a single arm. This admits of a much easier,more accurate, and readier arrangement for use. The gauge or guide E ismade of metal, and has n portion, n, which turns on a hinge, and can belifted up so as to leave the space 0. Theobject of this will behereafter described. p are slides, one on each side of the stock of theplough, near the forward end, movinginl recesses, and held at any point.by the thumb-screw g, which slides in the slot r, shown in grl by thedotted lines, These slides have at theirbottoms the horizontal plates s,one on each side of the `plate t.' The combination of these devicesforms a gauge by which the degree of the penetration of the cutter ginto the wood canbe governed. By loosening the thumb-screw q, the slidesmay be raised or lowered, as desired, on either side of t, (see fig 3;)and, as seen in iig. l, the cutter is intended to rest against the sideof f, so that the depth ot' the Agroove to be cut can' thus be exactlycontrolled, and meusuredby the graduated scale rc on the end of thestock, (see fig. Most of the work to' be'done by this tool isnear theedge, of boards or other wood. In such a case it mightbappenthat thegauge or guide B could not be brought sutl'iciontly near the plate t onaccount of the projection of the horizontal plates s. This I obviate bythe arrangement shown in fig. 6,'before described. When the trap 'n islifted, as seen in the drawing, the gauge B can be brought quite closeto t, one ofthe plates s entering the space o. In use, 'one hand of, themechanic rests upon the guide B, where a wooden handle is supplied. Thehandle upon the-stock` is seenA at D, being placed at the end ot` thestock, and lower down than is ordinary, with the view that the force`applied to the tool is all or nearly all exertedin a horizontaldirection, which lessens the labor of using the plough, and makes itmore effective. The handle is secured by the removable bolt u, so thatif broken the handle can easilyr be taken offy and another substituted.All the .parts described, except the arm A,handle D, vand a portionofthe guide B, aremade of metal, which makes the whole tool cheaper,less cumbersome, stronger, andmore convenient. The clamp b being made ofmetal, quite smooth, and slightly rounded, enables the tool to clearitself` quite readily of the shavings made in using it.` 4The method ofconnng the gauge or guide B at any desired point is by the use ofthethumb-screw m.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The reversible cutter shown intg. 5, as and for thepurposesspecified. 4

2. The arrangement of the two slidespp, thumb-screw g, slot r, plates ss, graduated scale x, and plate t, as and for the purposes set forth. tv n RUSSELL PHILLIPS.

Witnesses: WILLIAM HENRY CLIFFoRD, HENRY C. HOUSTON.

